结论：ORA-31037错误通常由XML属性名包含无效字符（如空格或特殊符号）引起，修复方法是使用XML序列化函数正确转义属性名，或通过远程诊断工具如SQL Developer检查并替换无效字符，确保属性名符合XML规范。

Oracle官方文档片段

ORA-31037: invalid XML name Cause: An XML name contained invalid characters. Action: Ensure that the name passed to the XML parser does not contain invalid characters. XML names follow the production rule for Name in the XML recommendation.

This error often occurs when generating XML from database queries involving dynamic SQL or user-generated content. Check the XMLType constructors and ensure proper escaping.

In remote processing, use DBMS_XMLGEN to generate valid XML and validate with XMLType.createXML before insertion.

Stack Overflow用户经验

I encountered ORA-31037 when inserting XML with attribute names having spaces. The fix was to use getClobVal() or XMLSerialize to properly format the XML string.

Code example: SELECT XMLSerialize(DOCUMENT xmlelement("root", xmlattributes('value with space' as "attr name")) AS xml_result FROM dual; This escapes the attribute properly.

For remote handling, connect via JDBC and use prepared statements to avoid direct XML injection.

Oracle社区论坛讨论

The error popped up during XML export from a table with dynamic column names. Solution: Replace spaces in attribute names with underscores before generating XML.

Remote fix: Use PL/SQL block with UTL_HTTP to send XML to a validation endpoint and catch the error remotely.

Always validate XML with XMLType.isSchemaValid() prior to storage.

技术博客修复案例

In my Oracle 19c setup, ORA-31037 hit when loading XML from file with non-ASCII attribute names. Fixed by cleaning the input XML using REGEXP_REPLACE to remove invalid chars.

SQL: UPDATE table SET xml_col = REGEXP_REPLACE(xml_col, '[^a-zA-Z0-9:_-]', '_') WHERE xml_col IS NOT NULL;

Remote processing: Leverage Oracle REST Data Services (ORDS) to handle XML payloads and auto-correct.

AskTom回答摘录

Tom Kyte suggests wrapping problematic XML in CDATA sections if attributes can't be changed: xmlelement("data", xmlagg(cdata_section(xmlcol))).

This avoids name validation issues entirely for complex XML.

For remote diagnostics, query V$SESSION_LONGOPS to monitor XML processing sessions.

中文技术论坛经验

遇到ORA-31037，是因为属性名有中文字符，直接用XML Forest函数生成时出错。解决：转成英文名或用namespaces。

远程处理时，通过Data Pump导出XML，检查日志后本地修复再导入。

FAQ

Q: ORA-31037最常见原因是什么？
A: XML属性名包含空格、特殊字符或不符合XML规范的字符，如数字开头。

Q: 如何远程诊断这个错误？
A: 使用SQL*Plus或SQL Developer连接目标数据库，执行问题SQL并捕获XML输出检查属性。

Q: 修复后如何防止复发？
A: 在应用层验证XML输入，使用XMLSchema注册确保合规，或预处理属性名。

Q: 适用于哪些Oracle版本？
A: 常见于11g及以上版本，尤其XMLDB功能启用时。

Q: 临时绕过方法？
A: 将XML存为CLOB而不解析，或用BASE64编码传输。