通过 Node.js 程序显示 MySQL 表的列，我们需要使用 mysql2 库的 query() 函数执行 Show 语句，如下所示 −

sql="SHOW COLUMNS FROM table_name";
con.query(sql);

通过 Java 程序显示 MySQL 表的列，我们需要使用 JDBC 函数 executeUpdate() 执行 Show 语句，如下所示 −

String sql="SHOW COLUMNS FROM table_name FROM database";
statement.executeQuery(sql);

通过 Python 程序显示 MySQL 表的列，我们需要使用 MySQL Connector/Python 的 execute() 函数执行 Show 语句，如下所示 −

sql="SHOW COLUMNS FROM table_name FROM database";
cursorObj.execute(sql);

var mysql = require('mysql2');
var con = mysql.createConnection({
    host: "localhost",
    user: "root",
    password: "Nr5a0204@123"
});

  //连接到 MySQL
  con.connect(function (err) {
  if (err) throw err;
  console.log("Connected!");
  console.log("--------------------------");

  sql = "CREATE DATABASE demo"
  con.query(sql);

  sql = "USE demo"
  con.query(sql);

  sql = "CREATE TABLE sales(ID INT, ProductName VARCHAR(255), CustomerName VARCHAR(255), DispatchDate date, DeliveryTime time, Price INT, Location VARCHAR(255));"
  con.query(sql);

  //显示 Sales 表的所有列
  sql = "SHOW COLUMNS FROM sales;"
  con.query(sql, function(err, result){
    if (err) throw err
    console.log(result);
  });
});

输出

产生的输出如下所示 −

Connected!
--------------------------
[
  {
    Field: 'ID',
    Type: 'int',
    Null: 'YES',
    Key: '',
    Default: null,
    Extra: ''
  },
  {
    Field: 'ProductName',
    Type: 'varchar(255)',
    Null: 'YES',
    Key: '',
    Default: null,
    Extra: ''
  },
  {
    Field: 'CustomerName',
    Type: 'varchar(255)',
    Null: 'YES',
    Key: '',
    Default: null,
    Extra: ''
  },
  {
    Field: 'DispatchDate',
    Type: 'date',
    Null: 'YES',
    Key: '',
    Default: null,
    Extra: ''
  },
  {
    Field: 'DeliveryTime',
    Type: 'time',
    Null: 'YES',
    Key: '',
    Default: null,
    Extra: ''
  },
  {
    Field: 'Price',
    Type: 'int',
    Null: 'YES',
    Key: '',
    Default: null,
    Extra: ''
  },
  {
    Field: 'Location',
    Type: 'varchar(255)',
    Null: 'YES',
    Key: '',
    Default: null,
    Extra: ''
  }
]

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class ShowColumn {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/TUTORIALS";
        String username = "root";
        String password = "password";
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
            Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
            Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
            System.out.println("Connected successfully...!");

            //显示列
            String sql = "SHOW COLUMNS FROM tutorials_tbl FROM TUTORIALS";
            ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery(sql);
            System.out.println("Column has been shown successfully...!");
            while (resultSet.next()) {
                System.out.print(resultSet.getString(1));
                System.out.println();
            }
            connection.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e);
        }
    }
}

输出

得到的输出如下所示 −

Connected successfully...!
Column has been shown successfully...!
ID
tutorial_title
tutorial_author

import mysql.connector
#建立连接
connection = mysql.connector.connect(
    host='localhost',
    user='root',
    password='password',
    database='tut'
)
table_name = 'NOVELS'
#创建游标对象 
cursorObj = connection.cursor()
show_columns_query = f"SHOW COLUMNS FROM {table_name}"
cursorObj.execute(show_columns_query)
columns_info = cursorObj.fetchall()
print(f"表 '{table_name}' 的列：")
for column in columns_info:
    print(f"列名: {column[0]}, 类型: {column[1]}, Null: {column[2]}, Key: {column[3]}, 默认值: {column[4]}")
cursorObj.close()
connection.close()

输出

上述代码的输出如下所示 −

表 'tutorials_tbl' 的列：
列名: tutorial_id, 类型: b'int', Null: NO, Key: PRI, 默认值: None
列名: tutorial_title, 类型: b'varchar(100)', Null: NO, Key: , 默认值: None
列名: tutorial_author, 类型: b'varchar(40)', Null: NO, Key: , 默认值: None
列名: submission_date, 类型: b'date', Null: YES, Key:, 默认值: None
列名: tutorial_name, 类型: b'varchar(20)', Null: YES, Key: , 默认值: None