让我们创建一些带有依赖关系的 service 和 class，以便观察 Mockito 对 mock 的依赖注入实际效果。Service 类

package com.journaldev.injectmocksservices;

public interface Service {

	public boolean send(String msg);
}

package com.journaldev.injectmocksservices;

public class EmailService implements Service {

	@Override
	public boolean send(String msg) {
		System.out.println("Sending email");
		return true;
	}

}

package com.journaldev.injectmocksservices;

public class SMSService implements Service {

	@Override
	public boolean send(String msg) {
		System.out.println("Sending SMS");
		return true;
	}
}

带有依赖关系的 App Service 类

package com.journaldev.injectmocksservices;

//For Constructor Based @InjectMocks injection
public class AppServices {

	private EmailService emailService;
	private SMSService smsService;

	public AppServices(EmailService emailService, SMSService smsService) {
		this.emailService = emailService;
		this.smsService = smsService;
	}

	public boolean sendSMS(String msg) {
		return smsService.send(msg);
	}

	public boolean sendEmail(String msg) {
		return emailService.send(msg);
	}
}

package com.journaldev.injectmocksservices;

//For Property Setter Based @InjectMocks injection
public class AppServices1 {

	private EmailService emailService;
	private SMSService smsService;

	public void setEmailService(EmailService emailService) {
		this.emailService = emailService;
	}

	public void setSmsService(SMSService smsService) {
		this.smsService = smsService;
	}

	public boolean sendSMS(String msg) {
		return smsService.send(msg);
	}

	public boolean sendEmail(String msg) {
		return emailService.send(msg);
	}

}

package com.journaldev.injectmocksservices;

//For Field Based @InjectMocks injection
public class AppServices2 {

	private EmailService emailService;
	private SMSService smsService;

	public boolean sendSMS(String msg) {
		return smsService.send(msg);
	}

	public boolean sendEmail(String msg) {
		return emailService.send(msg);
	}

}

@InjectMocks 构造函数注入示例

package com.journaldev.mockito.injectmocks;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;

import com.journaldev.injectmocksservices.AppServices;
import com.journaldev.injectmocksservices.AppServices1;
import com.journaldev.injectmocksservices.AppServices2;
import com.journaldev.injectmocksservices.EmailService;
import com.journaldev.injectmocksservices.SMSService;

class MockitoInjectMocksExamples extends BaseTestCase {

	@Mock EmailService emailService;
	
	@Mock SMSService smsService;
	
	@InjectMocks AppServices appServicesConstructorInjectionMock;
	
	@InjectMocks AppServices1 appServicesSetterInjectionMock;
	
	@InjectMocks AppServices2 appServicesFieldInjectionMock;
	
	@Test
	void test_constructor_injection_mock() {
		when(appServicesConstructorInjectionMock.sendEmail("Email")).thenReturn(true);
		when(appServicesConstructorInjectionMock.sendSMS(anyString())).thenReturn(true);
		
		assertTrue(appServicesConstructorInjectionMock.sendEmail("Email"));
		assertFalse(appServicesConstructorInjectionMock.sendEmail("Unstubbed Email"));
		
		assertTrue(appServicesConstructorInjectionMock.sendSMS("SMS"));
		
	}
}

你有没有注意到我的测试类继承了 BaseTestCase。这是为了在测试前初始化 Mockito mocks，这是该类的代码。

package com.journaldev.mockito.injectmocks;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;

class BaseTestCase {

	@BeforeEach
	void init_mocks() {
		MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
	}

}

如果你不调用 MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);，就会得到 NullPointerException。另外，我使用 JUnit 5 来运行测试用例。如果你不熟悉它，可以查看 JUnit 5 Tutorial。

@InjectMocks Setter 方法注入示例

@Test
void test_setter_injection_mock() {
	when(appServicesSetterInjectionMock.sendEmail("New Email")).thenReturn(true);
	when(appServicesSetterInjectionMock.sendSMS(anyString())).thenReturn(true);
	
	assertTrue(appServicesSetterInjectionMock.sendEmail("New Email"));
	assertFalse(appServicesSetterInjectionMock.sendEmail("Unstubbed Email"));
	
	assertTrue(appServicesSetterInjectionMock.sendSMS("SMS"));
	
}

@InjectMocks 字段注入示例

@Test
void test_field_injection_mock() {
	when(appServicesFieldInjectionMock.sendEmail(anyString())).thenReturn(true);
	when(appServicesFieldInjectionMock.sendSMS(anyString())).thenReturn(true);
	
	assertTrue(appServicesFieldInjectionMock.sendEmail("Email"));
	assertTrue(appServicesFieldInjectionMock.sendEmail("New Email"));
	
	assertTrue(appServicesFieldInjectionMock.sendSMS("SMS"));
	
}

你可以从我们的 GitHub Repository 查看完整代码和更多 Mockito 示例。

参考：API Doc